Without additional efforts, global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will continue to increase by 3.7 – 4.8 °C, a level well beyond the 2 °C temperature rise limit widely agreed among scientists and governments across the world as a limit above which implications of climate change become increasingly impactful and dangerous. Drastic reductions in GHG emissions, up to 40-70% globally in 2050 as compared to 2010, are needed to bring the world on track to a 2°C scenario. China’s role in fighting climate change can hardly be overestimated. China is the largest emitter of GHG emissions in the world accounting for roughly a quarter of the global emissions. A low carbon GHG emissions pathway for China is thus vital in order to keep the world on track or close to a 2 °C scenario.